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November 21, 2024
Could and would the Trump Administration's Justice Department seek the death penalty for Laken Riley's murderer?
Yesterday brought not only a quick conviction, but also a quick sentencing to LWOP, in the Georgia state bench trial of the man who brutally murdered Laken Riley. This AP story provides some basics:
The Venezuelan man convicted of killing Georgia nursing student Laken Riley has been sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole in a case that became a flashpoint in the national debate over immigration. Jose Ibarra was charged with murder and other crimes in Riley’s February death, and Wednesday’s guilty verdict was reached by Athens-Clarke County Superior Court Judge H. Patrick Haggard. Ibarra, 26, had waived his right to a jury trial, meaning Haggard alone heard and decided the case.
Haggard found Ibarra guilty of all 10 counts against him: one count of malice murder; three counts of felony murder; and one count each of kidnapping with bodily injury, aggravated assault with intent to rape, aggravated battery, obstructing an emergency call, evidence tampering and being a peeping Tom.
Prosecutors said Ibarra encountered Riley while she was running on the University of Georgia campus on Feb. 22 and killed her during a struggle. Riley, 22, was a student at Augusta University College of Nursing, which also has a campus in Athens, about 70 miles (115 kilometers) east of Atlanta.
Riley’s family and friends tearfully remembered her and asked Haggard to sentence Ibarra to the maximum penalty. Her mother, Allyson Phillips, said there is “no end to the pain, suffering and loss we have experienced and will continue to endure.” “This sick, twisted and evil coward showed no regard for Laken or human life. We are asking that the same be done for him,” she told the judge.
Riley’s younger sister, Lauren Phillips, a freshman at the University of Georgia, talked about the pain of living without her “favorite person” and “biggest role model” and the effect her sister’s death has had on her. “I cannot walk around my own college campus because I’m terrified of people like Jose Ibarra,” she said....
Defense attorney John Donnelly asked Haggard to give Ibarra two consecutive life sentences but to allow him the eventual possibility of parole. Prosecutor Sheila Ross asked the judge for the maximum sentence, saying Riley’s family should never have to worry about Ibarra being released. “You can’t bring her back and it’s horrible. What you can do is give comfort with your sentence,” Ross said.
Haggard ultimately gave Ibarra the maximum sentence he could impose, including life in prison without the possibility of parole on the malice murder count.
Riley’s killing added fuel to the national debate over immigration when federal authorities said Ibarra illegally entered the U.S. in 2022 and was allowed to stay in the country while he pursued his immigration case. President-elect Donald Trump and other Republicans blamed Riley’s death on the policies of Democratic President Joe Biden....
The trial began Friday, and prosecutors called more than a dozen law enforcement officers, Riley’s roommates and a woman who lived in the same apartment as Ibarra. Defense attorneys called a police officer, a jogger and one of Ibarra’s neighbors on Tuesday and rested their case Wednesday morning.
This Newsweek article, headlined "Why Laken Riley's Killer Isn't Facing Death Penalty in Georgia," explains that the "Western Judicial Circuit District Attorney's Office announced before Ibarra's trial that it would not seek the death penalty. District Attorney Deborah Gonzalez, a progressive Democrat, faced criticism from Republicans over the decision." I have seen this criticism being expressed in a number of commentary pieces today:
Via The Federalist, "Not Giving Laken Riley’s Killer The Death Penalty Is A Miscarriage Of Justice"
Via Fox News, "Laken Riley's murderer deserves the death penalty"
Via the National Legal and Policy Center, "Failure to Seek Death Penalty in Laken Riley Case is ‘Miscarriage of Justice’"
These reactions and claims that justice has not been served by a sentence less than death for this murderer leads me to the question that is the title of this post. I suspect that clever lawyers at the Department of Justice could find a hook for a federal prosecution of this horrific murder, and the dual sovereignty doctrine clearly allows the federal government to pursue its distinct interests after Georgia's prosecution. So I believe the US Justice Department could at least try to pursue a capital prosecution in this case, and thus the real question is whether it might decide it should.
The Justice Department's so-called "Petite Policy" generally suggests limits on federal prosecutions after state prosecutions based on whether there is a "substantial federal interest" that was not vindicated by a state prosecution. Though I am fairly certain the current Biden Administration will not see an interest in a follow-up federal prosecution just to seek a capital verdict, I suspect whatever new leaders Prez-Elect Donald Trump gets into DOJ could have a quite different view.
November 21, 2024 at 10:26 AM | Permalink
Comments
Ordinarily, I would say that a subsequent federal prosecution is a waste of time, but here, we need to be sure that this animal dies in prison.
I don't understand why illegal aliens have the right to paid-for counsel etc. The only process that, in my mind, is due is a hearing to determine whether the illegal did it. Then, in crimes like this, summary execution.
Posted by: federalist | Nov 21, 2024 10:43:10 AM
I would be curious what anyone thinks would be the basis for federal jurisdiction. It's not a simple 18 USC 1111 murder, as I've not seen any indication the killing transpired on federal land (the "special maritime and territorial jurisdiction" of the U.S.).
Maybe they could go for an 18 USC 924(j), but they'd have to find a predicate federal crime of violence or drug trafficking offense that he also committed. I don't think there was any indication that he tried to rob the victim (Hobbs Act robbery is a common 924(c)/(j) predicate with a pretty minimal "affects commerce" element), and United States v. Davis (2019), along with a complex body of law on the categorical approach in general, makes the "crime of violence" question a tricky one.
There's also 18 USC 2245, which makes murders committed in the course of enumerated federal sex offenses a federal crime punishable by death. But there would need to be a federal sex crime here, which mostly involve offenses on federal territory, or trafficking victims across state lines.
Anyway, I'm just a humble defense lawyer, but I actually think finding a federal hook for the scenario here might be more challenging than Doug thinks.
Posted by: Anon AFPD | Nov 21, 2024 2:12:48 PM
Right wingers are the only people seething over Ibarra's LWOP sentence. It wouldn't surprise me if the DOJ under Trump prosecutes Ibarra in a federal trial but another part of me doubts it. Matt Gaetz just withdrew his nomination for attorney general which signifies that the GOP is in disarray. Foolishness will abound over the next two months regarding Trump's, cabinet and people will point out that several members of his cabinet are embroiled in scandal. Thus, the DOJ may not even bother prosecuting the case.
Posted by: Anon | Nov 21, 2024 2:39:19 PM
My first question is what would be the federal hook in the federal homicide statute that authorizes the death penalty. It is not enough that there is some theoretical constitutional basis, it has to be an element of an offense that carries the death penalty.
If you believe in federalism and a limited federal government (which may no longer be part of mainstream conservativism), while you may disagree with the decision by the local prosecutor, this case is simply not a federal case.
Posted by: tmm | Nov 21, 2024 2:48:11 PM
I concur Anon FPD and tmm that a federal hook for a federal prosecution would seem to be a bit of a challenge. But it might be the kind of challenge the Trump DoJ would like to take on --- perhaps to try to make a statement about federal authority or about the death penalty or about immigration enforcement.
And it does seem notable that there's apparently no question about federal authority to federally prosecute an American citizen for growing marijuana in their yard or possessing a gun in their home for self defense after a 30-year-old state conviction, but there might not be authority to prosecute a murder/attempted rape by a foreign national in the country illegally which was committed on public land (which the feds help fund).
Posted by: Doug B | Nov 21, 2024 3:15:04 PM
Understand the need for federal hook . . .. but if there is one, try him. He should be summarily executed. He's an illegal alien; he should not enjoy the panoply of con law rights that those who are permitted entry into our society should have.
Posted by: federalist | Nov 21, 2024 3:23:39 PM
Because of Ibarra’s affiliation with Tres de Aragua, I believe the Feds can prosecute via RICO.
Posted by: TarlsQtr | Nov 21, 2024 3:31:21 PM
Tarls, feds could charge under RICO, but, unless I am missing something in the RICO statute, a RICO offense would not carry the death penalty.
Posted by: tmm | Nov 21, 2024 4:41:57 PM
I won't touch the 'could' question, that's complicated enough. But as for 'should', I'll reluctantly say 'no', it would be nothing more than useless grandstanding.
Posted by: Soronel Haetir | Nov 21, 2024 9:15:45 PM
To me, the more basic question is whether the death penalty would be just, and the answer is, you bet.
Posted by: Bill Otis | Nov 21, 2024 10:58:23 PM
death-eligible fed hook could be kidnapping resulting in death, 18 USC 1201(a); defendant used a facility of interstate commerce in furtherance of the offense when he hung up victim's cell phone/disconnected call to prevent her from communicating w/ 911.
Posted by: AFPD | Nov 22, 2024 10:23:45 AM
AFPD--interesting. Sounds like almost anything could charged in any circumstance . . . .
https://johnkassnews.com/democrats-no-closure-no-justice-for-laken-reily/ Note how the Administration is making it easier on alien criminals . . . . why is that ok?
Posted by: federalist | Nov 25, 2024 1:32:11 PM